The early application of stainless steel in the field of architectural engineering began in the 1930s. For example, the London Savoy Hotel, built in 1929, should use stainless steel as the ceiling and wall decoration. It has maintained a beautiful appearance for 70 years under the sea and environmental pollution. The American Chrysler Building, built in 1930, largely uses stainless steel as the roof and surface decoration. It has only been cleaned twice so far. It stands in the big buildings in New York and shines. With the economic growth and the improvement of people's living standards, the advantages of stainless steel, such as good comprehensive performance, durability, beauty, long service life, and high cost-effectiveness, have been widely recognized, from grand hotels, commercial buildings, stadiums, churches, municipal and bridge, tunnels and other public facilities to residential buildings; From decoration, roof, reinforced concrete, urban water supply engineering to sink and bath in residential buildings, stainless steel has been used more and more widely.
(1) Application in decoration engineering. In addition to walls, columns, automatic retractable doors, rolling shutters, stair railings, balconies, rainwater downpipes, flagpoles, street light poles, and arcade frames, the application of steel in the kitchen and toilet tables, sinks, and supports of residential buildings is increasing. The steel grades used in decoration projects are mainly 304, and 316 is also used.
(2) Application of roofs. The early buildings with stainless steel roofs include the Savoy Hotel in London, the Eurostar Railway Station, the Chrysler Building in New York, the Empire State Building, etc. The Kuala Lumpur Twin Towers Pechonus Building, Shanghai Jinmao Building, and Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Center built in the 1990s in Asia, and the roof of Sapporo Dome Stadium newly built for the World Football Match in Japan in 2002 were successively used.
(3) Application in reinforced concrete. Stainless steel bars are used in reinforced concrete structures to improve strength and resist harsh marine environment and the corrosion of chloride formed in concrete to embedded steel bars. Corrosion resistant stainless steel concrete is used on the bridge decks of many marine buildings (for example, CoosBay Bridge in the United States meets the strength corrosion resistance and seismic requirements, and the maintenance free service life can reach 120 years), piers, wharfs, pile foundations, breakwaters, anchorage systems, moorings, gangways It can also be used in the chemical industry and the infrastructure of other important process equipment with high corrosion resistance requirements. In terms of urban infrastructure, such as the overpass in New Jersey in the United States, the stainless steel reinforced concrete structure is also used. Compared with ordinary carbon steel reinforcement, the cost of stainless steel reinforcement is higher in the early stage, but it is cost-effective in terms of its good comprehensive performance and service life.
(4) Application in water supply engineering. With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of people's living standards, a large number of urban residences, public buildings and tourist facilities have been built, which puts forward new requirements for the supply of domestic water and hot water. The water quality problem has attracted much attention. Galvanized steel pipes, which are commonly used in water supply projects, are easy to be corroded, and it is difficult to improve the water quality due to the "red water" and "green water" phenomena. Experts predict that they will gradually withdraw from the historical stage because of the large number of leaks and short service life, However, plastic pipes, composite pipes and copper pipes are not as superior as stainless steel in terms of safety, reliability, health, environmental protection, economy and durability. Engineering practices at home and abroad have proved that stainless steel is the most energy-saving and environment-friendly pipe material for water supply system in terms of comprehensive performance and water supply quality. Thin wall stainless steel is more and more used in building water supply engineering due to its advantages of high strength, good toughness, constant brittleness at low temperature, small thermal expansion coefficient, impermeability, durability, health, non-toxic, non pollution, high cost efficiency, and 100% reuse rate. Japan has been promoting stainless steel water supply pipes inside and outside buildings for 25 years. The water supply pipes in Tokyo have been fully stainless steel to ensure clean water quality, greatly reduce maintenance rates and leakage, save water and remain intact after the Kobe earthquake. Singapore legislates that urban water supply must use stainless steel pipes. The United States, Britain and France all have stainless steel pipe standards. The application of stainless steel in water supply and water treatment projects in developed countries is becoming increasingly common.
In addition, more and more stainless steel structures are used in bridges, street bridges, awnings, corridors and other construction projects of municipal construction.
