Wear-resistant steel is a general term for steel materials with high resistance to wear and tear, and is one of the most used wear-resistant materials today.
Wear occurs when steel materials rub against each other over a period of time. However, there are two types of wear: intentional wear and unintentional wear. Intentional wear, such as grinding, lapping, sandblasting, etc., is wear that is intentionally made based on need. Unintentional wear, however, leads to problems such as damage, process failure, and significant material consumption. According to incomplete statistics, 1/3 to 1/2 of the energy is consumed by friction and wear. The former Federal MinistWear-resistant steelry of Technology and Science of Germany estimates that the losses due to wear and tear in the former Federal Republic of Germany amount to 10 billion marks per year. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and the U.S. Energy Development Administration (ERDA) proposed a development plan to reduce friction and wear, the United States can make annual savings of $ 16 billion, or 11% of energy consumption. According to U.S. publications, the annual losses due to wear and tear for several major product categories in the United States are: $13.4 billion for aircraft, $6.4 billion for ships, $40 billion for automobiles, and $2.8 billion for cutting tools. China still lacks comprehensive statistics on the losses caused by friction and wear. According to the survey report of Chinese machinery department in 1974~1975, the annual consumption of steel for auto parts is 230,000t, 2/3 of which is used for maintenance, and most of which is due to wear and tear. According to the incomplete statistics of five departments in China, including electric power, building materials, metallurgy, coal mining and agricultural machinery, the annual steel consumption of spare parts is more than 1.5 million t. Taking the scraper conveyor used in coal mines as an example, the loss caused by the wear of the central groove is 100-200 million RMB per year. If we take into account the economic loss caused by the wear of other machinery and equipment and the consumption of steel, it will be very amazing.
Thus, it is an important work to improve the quality of wear-resistant steel, develop new high-performance wear-resistant steel, and carry out extensive and in-depth research on the wear mechanism of steel to reduce the loss caused by wear, for the development of national economic construction.
